YT型、YSP型中淺孔鑿巖機(jī) Medium-shallow  Hole Rock Drill
 YG型、YQ型中深孔及深孔鑿巖機(jī) Medium-deep  Hole and Deep Hole Rock Drill

鑿巖機(jī)械廣泛應(yīng)用于煤炭、冶金、鐵道、水利、國(guó)防等巖巷掘進(jìn)和石方工程，適用于中硬和堅(jiān)硬巖石上鉆鑿炮孔。

The Rock Drilling Machine can  be widely used in tunneling and rock excavation for coal mine, metal mine,  railway building, irrigation contruction and national defence, can be used for  drilling holes on the hard rock and medium-hard rock.

一、使用范圍

I. Application Scope

 YT25型氣腿式鑿巖機(jī)是一種高效、節(jié)能的鑿巖機(jī)械。它與FT160X型氣腿配套，廣泛用于煤炭、冶金、鐵道、交通、水利、基建和國(guó)防等巖巷掘進(jìn)和石方工程中鉆鑿水平和傾斜的炮眼。作為一極多用、本機(jī)還可以通過FT170HJ型專用氣腿與環(huán)形鉆架配套用于立井掘進(jìn)機(jī)械化作業(yè)鉆鑿垂直炮眼。鑿孔直徑可達(dá)46毫米，深度5米以上。該機(jī)配置手持手把，還可以手持鑿巖機(jī)使用。

YT25 air-leg rock drills are a  kind of high-efficiency and energy-saving rock drilling machinery. They are  used with FT160X air leg. Such drills are widely used to excavate the stonedrif  in coal, metallurgy, railway, transportation, water conservancy, capital  construction, national defense, etc and drill horizontal and oblique shot hole  in rock excavation. This machine can also be used in the drilling of vertical  shot holes of shaft sinking mechanized operations through FT170HJ special air  leg and ring drilling rig. The drilling diameter can reach 46mm and the drilling depth can reach  over 5m. This machine is  equipped with handheld handle or handheld rock drills.

二、技術(shù)參數(shù)

三、工作原理及操縱

Ⅲ. Working Principle and Control

YT25型鑿巖機(jī)活塞的往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)采用雙氣路無閥配氣，它是利用活塞尾部的圓柱及凹槽在活塞運(yùn)動(dòng)中自動(dòng)配氣。

The reciprocating movement of  piston in YT25 roll drills adopts double gas circuit valueless gas  distribution. They automatically distribute air during piston motion through  the cylinder and groove at the end of the piston.

1、活塞的往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)

1. Reciprocating Movement of Piston

a、沖程：如圖1。壓縮空氣從進(jìn)氣彎管進(jìn)入操縱閥，通過氣路進(jìn)入氣缸中活塞大圓左側(cè)的空腔（簡(jiǎn)稱左腔），推動(dòng)活塞向右運(yùn)動(dòng)（往前）。

a. Stroke: As shown in Figure  1. The compressed air enters the operating valve from the intake bend. It  enters the cavity on the left of piston big circle (“l(fā)eft cavity” for short) in  the air cylinder through gas circuit to drive the piston to move to the right  (forward).

活塞尾部配氣圓柱面經(jīng)過閥體沖程進(jìn)氣口，到進(jìn)氣口被完全堵住時(shí)，便切斷壓縮空氣向左腔的供氣，此時(shí)，依靠左腔內(nèi)的空氣膨脹作功，推動(dòng)活塞繼續(xù)向右運(yùn)動(dòng)。當(dāng)活塞大頭左端面通過排氣口時(shí)，左腔氣體迅速排出，活塞依靠慣性繼續(xù)向右運(yùn)動(dòng)，直至沖擊釬尾端面。

The air distribution cylindrical  surface at the end of piston passes through the valve stroke air inlet and cuts  off supply of compressed air to the left cavity when it is completely blocked at  the air inlet. At this time, it does work through the expansion of air in the  left cavity and drives the piston to continue to move to the right. When the  left end face of the piston big end passes the air outlet, the air in the left  cavity is rapidly expelled. The piston continues to move to the right through  the force of inertia until it impacts the drill shaft end face.

b、回程：如圖2、活塞沖擊釬尾回跳后，壓縮空氣從回程進(jìn)氣口通入活塞大頭右側(cè)空腔（簡(jiǎn)稱右腔），推動(dòng)活塞向左運(yùn)動(dòng)（往后）。

b. Return stroke: As shown in  Figure 2. After the piston impacts the drill shaft and rebounds, the compressed  air enters the cavity on the right of piston big end (“right cavity” for short)  from the return stroke air inlet

活塞尾部的配氣圓柱面經(jīng)過閥體回程進(jìn)氣口，到進(jìn)氣口被完全堵住時(shí)，便切斷了壓縮空氣向右端的供氣，活塞依靠右腔內(nèi)的壓縮空氣膨脹作功，繼續(xù)向左運(yùn)動(dòng)。當(dāng)活塞大頭右端面通過排氣口時(shí)，右腔內(nèi)的氣體迅速排出，活塞則依靠慣性繼續(xù)向左運(yùn)動(dòng)到回程的終點(diǎn)，活塞完成了一個(gè)往復(fù)循環(huán)。緊接著又開始下一個(gè)循環(huán)。

The air distribution cylindrical  surface at the end of piston passes through the valve return stroke air inlet  and cuts off supply of compressed air to the right cavity when it is completely  blocked at the air inlet. At this time, it does work through the expansion of  air in the right cavity and drives the piston to continue to move to the left.  When the right end face of the piston big end passes the air outlet, the air in  the right cavity is rapidly expelled. The piston continues to move to the left  through the force of inertia until it reaches the finishing point of the return  stroke. So far the piston has finished one recirculation. Then the next cycle  begins.

2、轉(zhuǎn)釬運(yùn)動(dòng)：

2. Drilling  Motion

棘輪與螺旋母靠螺紋連成一體，螺旋母套在活塞螺旋齒上。活塞沖程時(shí)，棘輪可相對(duì)活塞轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)一個(gè)角度，活塞只作直線運(yùn)動(dòng)。活塞回程時(shí)，因棘輪被回轉(zhuǎn)爪頂住不能轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，追使活塞沿螺旋槽轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)一個(gè)角度，同時(shí)，活塞直齒帶動(dòng)花鍵母（與轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)套連成一體）亦相應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)一個(gè)角度，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)套的六方孔也帶動(dòng)釬桿 一同轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)釬動(dòng)作。

The ratchet wheel and nuts are linked  through screw threads. The nuts are covered on the piston spiral tooth. During  the stroke of piston, the ratchet wheel can rotate for an angle relative to the  piston. The piston only makes linear motion. During the return stroke of  piston, as the ratchet wheel is propped up by the catch hook and is not able to  turn, the piston has to turn for an angle along the spiral groove. At the same  time, the straight teeth drive the spline (integrated with rotating sleeve) to  turn for an angle. The Allen hole of rotating sleeve also drives the drill rod  to turn, so as to realize drilling.

3、氣腿推力的調(diào)節(jié)及快速收縮

3. Adjustment of  Air Leg Thrust and Rapid Contraction of Air Leg

a、氣腿推力的調(diào)節(jié)

a. Adjustment of Air Leg Thrust

氣腿推力的大小靠調(diào)節(jié)調(diào)壓閥手柄的位置。如圖3.調(diào)壓閥手柄從零位調(diào)向****，可獲得由零到****的推力。鑿孔時(shí)，鑿巖機(jī)是依靠氣腿的推力來推進(jìn)的，適當(dāng)?shù)卣{(diào)節(jié)調(diào)壓閥以獲得****推力及最快的鑿巖速度。

The air leg thrust can be  adjusted by adjusting the position of handle of pressure regulating valve as  shown in Figure 3. The handle of pressure regulating valve is adjusted to the  maximum from the zero position and thrust from zero to the maximum can be  acquired. During drilling, the rock drills are pushed through the thrust of air  leg. Proper adjustment is made of the pressure regulating valve to get the best  thrust and the fastest drilling speed.

b、氣腿的快速收縮

b. Rapid Contraction of Air Leg

抓住主機(jī)手把上的尼龍板機(jī)就可壓下?lián)Q向閥的桿部，氣腿活塞桿即快速收回。此時(shí)，可不必關(guān)閉操縱閥和調(diào)壓閥。

Grasp the nylon board on the  handle of the mainframe and the rod of change valve can be pressed down. The  air leg piston rod can rapidly contract. At this time, the operating valve and  pressure regulating valve do not need to be shut off.

4、機(jī)器的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)

4. Operation of  Machine

機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)有六個(gè)工作內(nèi)容，靠操縱閥手柄來控制。手柄有六個(gè)位置，如圖3.每個(gè)位置的工作內(nèi)容見表2.

There are six parts for the  operation of machine. The machine is controlled through the handle of operating  valve. There are six positions in the handle as is shown in Figure 3. See Table  2 for the working contents for every position.

輕擊：Gentle  strike

中擊I：Medium  strike I

中擊II：Medium  strike II

重?fù)簦篤iolent  strike

操縱閥手柄：Handle  of operating valve

****：Maximum

調(diào)壓閥手柄：Handle  of pressure regulating valve

強(qiáng)吹：Strong  blow

停止：Stop

5、氣水聯(lián)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)

5. Air Water Link Mechanism

該機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)在柄體上，如圖4、鑿巖機(jī)開動(dòng)時(shí)即供水。供水、斷水的過程是通過扳動(dòng)操作閥手柄來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。當(dāng)操縱閥手柄扳到輕擊位置時(shí)（包括以后的中擊，重?fù)粑恢迷趦?nèi)），操縱閥向氣缸充氣的氣路開始打開，壓縮空氣由操縱閥進(jìn)氣口經(jīng)柄體空腔通入氣缸，充滿柄體空腔的壓縮空氣經(jīng)過氣路推動(dòng)水閥向左移動(dòng)打開水路，水即經(jīng)有關(guān)水路通入水針，并進(jìn)入釬桿中心孔到炮眼底部沖洗巖粉。當(dāng)扳動(dòng)操縱閥手柄到停止位置時(shí)，向氣缸供氣的通路被操縱閥切斷，鑿巖機(jī)停止工作，同時(shí)，由于柄體空腔內(nèi)余氣排空，水閥在彈簧作用下向右移動(dòng)，堵住膠墊中心孔，將水路關(guān)閉。

This mechanism is installed on  the handle as shown in Figure 4. Water is supplied when the rock drill is  started. The processes of water supply and its cut off are realized through the  pulling of the operating valve’s handle. When the handle of the operating valve  is pulled to the position of “gentle strike” (including the subsequent “medium  strike” and “heavy strike”), the gas circuit of operating valve’s gas filling  to the air cylinder begins to be opened. The compressed air flows flow the air  inlet of operating valve, through the handle cavity, and to the air cylinder.  The compressed air filling the handle cavity drives the water valve to open the  water way to the left through the gas circuit. Then the water flows to the  squirt through relevant water ways and enters the center hole of drill rod to  the bottom of shot hole to wash rock powder. When the handle of operating valve  is pulled to the “stop” position, the passage through which air is supplied to  the air cylinder is cut off by the operating valve. The rock drills stop. At  the same time, as the residual air in the handle cavity is empties, the water  valve moves to the right under the action of spring, blocks the center hole of  rubber mat, and shuts off the water way.

6、氣針的排水作用

6. Water Discharge of Gas Needle

在水針外套一根氣針，如圖4。兩管之間有一環(huán)形空間，鑿巖機(jī)工作時(shí)，有壓縮空氣通過，有助于使水針的水更好地進(jìn)入釬桿中孔，同時(shí)，可以防止水倒流入鑿巖機(jī)內(nèi)部，以保證建立較好的潤(rùn)滑條件。

Cover  one gas needle outside the water needle as is shown in Figure 4. There is one  section of annular space between the two pipes. During the operation of rock  drills, compressed air passes by, which helps the water in the water needle  better enter the center hole of drill rod. Besides, it can prevent water from  flowing back to the inside of the rock drill, so as to ensure good lubricating  conditions.